Ear infections are very common, especially in children. They occur when fluid builds up in the middle ear, causing pain, discomfort, and sometimes hearing loss. While antibiotics are often prescribed to treat ear infections, there are several easy things you can do to help prevent them in the first place.
1. Avoid Second-hand Smoke
Exposure to second-hand smoke irritates the eustachian tubes and can increase mucus production, trapping bacteria and viruses in the middle ear. If you smoke, quit. Make sure no one smokes in your home or around your child. Going to smoky locations should also be avoided. Consider implementing a smoke-free policy in your home and car to protect your family. Ask smokers to wash their hands and change clothes after smoking before holding or playing with your child.
2. Breastfeed Your Baby
Breastfeeding provides important antibodies that boost your baby’s immune system. Babies who are breastfed, especially for the first 6 months, have far fewer ear infections compared to formula-fed infants. The beneficial effects of breastfeeding can last years after you stop nursing. Try to breastfeed exclusively for at least 4-6 months. Continue partial breastfeeding until 1 year old or longer if desired. Pumping breast milk can help maintain supply when you return to work.
3. Get Recommended Vaccines
Make sure your child is up to date on vaccines, including pneumococcal, haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), and the flu shot. These provide protection against the viruses and bacteria that commonly cause ear infections. Adults should get a flu shot annually. Keep a record of vaccinations and stay on schedule for boosters. Ask your doctor if any new vaccines are recommended.
4. Control Allergies and Reflux
Allergies and acid reflux can both contribute to ear infections. Treating these conditions can lower infection risk. For allergies, use medication as needed and keep your home free of irritants like dust mites, mould, and pet dander. Consider allergy testing to identify specific triggers. Use HEPA air filters and vacuum with a HEPA filter. For reflux, feed smaller, more frequent meals, keep your child upright during and after eating, and use medication if symptoms persist. Discuss lifestyle changes and prescription options with your doctor.
5. Practice Good Ear Hygiene
Keeping ears clean and dry is important for preventing infection. Gently wipe outer ear areas with a damp cloth to remove wax and debris after bathing or swimming. Avoid using cotton swabs inside the ear canal, as this can push wax deeper inside. After swimming, dry ears thoroughly and use ear drops to remove trapped water.
For safe and effective wax removal from ears, consider microsuction performed by an audiologist. Microsuction uses a tiny vacuum to gently suck out excess wax. It is more comfortable and lower risk than ear irrigation or scraping. See an ear wax removal specialist at the first sign of blockage or impaired hearing.
By following these simple precautions, you can help keep painful ear infections at bay. Be proactive about prevention but see your doctor promptly if you suspect an infection. With the right care, your family can stay ear infection-free.
